Nervous System – Vocabulary, Part I

Endocrine system

1 of 2 controls and communication system of the body. Slow/via blood

CNS

Brain & Spinal Cord

PNS

 

Receptors

PNS structures for collecting information

Effectors

Muscles or glands to react to changes in the body’s environment responding to information from CNS

Afferent –

 

Efferent

Motor, Sends impulses

Somatic Sensory

1 of 2 subdivisions in SNS – vol. touch pain, pressure vibration, proprioception

Visceral Sensory

 

Proprioception

Knowing where you are, position, posture, equilibrium

Neuroglial cells

Nonexcitable cells that support and protect the neurons

Perikaryon or soma

 

Dendrites

Un-myelinated receptive processes of neuron

Axons

Mostly myelinated, carry info away

Synaptic knobs/terminal buttons

Where neurotransmitters are stored – end of axons

Myelin sheath

 

Multiple Sclerosis

Disease that damages myelin sheaths

Glia

Neuroglial cell

Endoneurium

Areolar C T around fiber

Perineurium

DICT around fasiculi

Epineurium

 

Nerves

Fasciculi wrapped in CT in PNS, Mixed w/sensory & motor

Tracts

Fasciculi, NO CT in CNS, NOT MIXED. Types:association,commissural, projection

Association Tract

connect Gyri in hemisphere

Commissural Tract

 

Projection

Connect cerebrum to other parts of brain

Ganglia

Cluster of cell bodies in PNS

Nuclei

Cluster of cell bodies in CNS

Nerve Impulse Transmission

 

Neurotransmitters

 

Synaptic vesicles

 

Primary Vesicles

Prosencephalon(forebrain, Mesencephalon(midbrain) Rhombencephalon(hindbrain)

Gray Matter

 

White Matter

 

Cranial Meninges

 

Dural Sinuses

 

Arachnoid mater

 

Pia mater

 

Dura mater

 

Choroid Plexuses

 

CSF

 

Brain Ventricles

 

 

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